Salafi Research Institute SRI
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَيْدٍ الشَّامِيُّ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْخُ أَبُو طَالِبٍ عَبْدُ الْقَادِرِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْقَادِرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ يَسْمَعُ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ فَأَقَرَّ بِهِ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْخُ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْبَرْمَكِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ مَرْدَكَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْبَرْذَعِيُّ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي حَاتِمٍ أسعده الله ورضي الله عنه قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبِي وَأَبَا زُرْعَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنْ مَذَاهِبِ أَهْلِ السُّنَّةِ فِي أُصُولِ الدِّينِ، وَمَا أَدْرَكَا عَلَيْهِ الْعُلَمَاءَ فِي جَمِيعِ الْأَمْصَارِ وَمَا يَعْتَقِدَانِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَا أَدْرَكْنَا الْعُلَمَاءَ فِي جَمِيعِ الْأَمْصَارِ حِجَازًا وَعِرَاقًا وَمِصْرًا وَشَامًا وَيَمَنًا، فَكَانَ مِنْ مَذْهَبِهِمْ
(With an authentic Isnad:) Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Raḥmān bin Abī Ḥātim, may Allāh grant him happiness and be pleased with him said: I asked my father and Abū Zurʿah, may Allāh be pleased with them both, about the methodology of Ahl al-Sunnah in the fundamentals of the religion and what they found the scholars upon in all the lands, and what they both believed of that. So they both said: We met the scholars in all the lands, Ḥijāz, ʿIrāq, Miṣr (Egypt), Shām, and Yemen, and from their methodology was:
١. أَنَّ الْإِيمَانَ قَوْلٌ وَعَمَلٌ، يَزِيدُ وَيَنْقُصُ
That Īmān is speech and action; it increases and decreases.
٢. وَالْقُرْآنُ كَلَامُ اللَّهِ غَيْرُ مَخْلُوقٍ بِجَمِيعِ جِهَاتِهِ
The Qur’ān is the Speech of Allāh, uncreated in all its aspects.
٣. وَالْقَدَرُ خَيْرُهُ وَشَرُّهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ
The Qadar, its good and its evil is from Allāh, the Mighty and Majestic.
٤. وَخَيْرُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ، ثُمَّ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، ثُمَّ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ، ثُمَّ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ، وَهُمُ الْخُلَفَاءُ الرَّاشِدُونَ الْمَهْدِيُّونَ
The best of this Ummah after its Prophet is Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq then ʿUmar bin al-Khaṭṭāb then ʿUthmān bin ʿAffān then ʿAlī bin Abī Ṭālib, may Allāh be pleased with them, and they are the Rightly-Guided Caliphs.
٥. وَأَنَّ الْعَشَرَةَ الَّذِينَ سَمَّاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَشَهِدَ لَهُمْ بِالْجَنَّةِ عَلَى مَا شَهِدَ بِهِ، وَقَوْلُهُ الْحَقُّ
And that the Ten whom Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ named and testified for them Paradise are upon what he testified and his word is the truth.
٦. وَالتَّرَحُّمُ عَلَى جَمِيعِ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَالْكَفُّ عَمَّا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ
And to ask for mercy for all the companions of Muḥammad, praise and peace be upon him and his family, and to withhold from what occured between them.
٧. وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَى عَرْشِهِ بَائِنٌ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ، كَمَا وَصَفَ نَفْسَهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَعَلَى لِسَانِ رَسُولِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِلَا كَيْفٍ، أَحَاطَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عِلْمًا، لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ
And that Allāh, the Mighty and Majestic, is upon His Throne, separate from His creation, as He described Himself in His Book and upon the tongue of His Messenger ﷺ, without (asking) how. He has encompassed all things in knowledge. {There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the Hearing, the Seeing.}
٨. وَاللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى يُرَى فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَيَرَاهُ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ بِأَبْصَارِهِمْ، كَلَامُهُ كَيْفَ شَاءَ وَكَمَا شَاءَ
And Allāh, the Blessed and Exalted, will be seen in the Hereafter, and the people of Paradise will see Him with their eyes. His speech is as He wills and when He wills.
٩. وَالْجَنَّةُ حَقٌّ وَالنَّارُ حَقٌّ، وَهُمَا مَخْلُوقَتَانِ لَا يَفْنَيَانِ أَبَدًا فَالْجَنَّةُ ثَوَابٌ لِأَوْلِيَائِهِ، وَالنَّارُ عِقَابٌ لِأَهْلِ مَعْصِيَتِهِ إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ
The Paradise is true and The Hellfire is true, and they are two created things that will never perish. Paradise is a reward for His allies, and the Hellfire is a punishment for the people of His disobedience, except whom He has mercy on.
١٠. وَالصِّرَاطُ حَقٌّ
The Ṣirāṭ (Bridge) is true.
١١. وَالْمِيزَانُ الَّذِي لَهُ كِفَّتَانِ يُوزَنُ فِيهِ أَعْمَالُ الْعِبَادِ حَسَنُهَا وَسَيِّئُهَا حَقٌّ
The Mīzān (Scale) which has two pans, in which the good and evil deeds of the people are weighed, is true.
١٢. وَالْحَوْضُ الْمُكْرَمُ بِهِ نَبِيُّنَا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَعَلَى آلِهِ حَقٌّ وَالشَّفَاعَةُ حَقٌّ
The Ḥawḍ (Pond) with which our Prophet, praise and peace be upon him and his family, will be honored is true, and the intercession is true.
١٣. وَأَنَّ نَاسًا مِنْ أَهْلِ التَّوْحِيدِ يَخْرُجُونَ مِنَ النَّارِ بِالشَّفَاعَةِ حَقٌّ
And that some people from the people of monotheism will be brought out from the Fire through intercession, is true.
١٤. وَعَذَابُ الْقَبْرِ حَقٌّ
The punishment of the grave is true.
١٥. وَمُنْكَرٌ وَنَكِيرٌ حَقٌّ
Munkar and Nakīr are true.
١٦. وَالْكِرَامُ الْكَاتِبُونَ حَقٌّ
The Kirām al-Kātibūn (the noble scribes) are true.
١٧. وَالْبَعْثُ مِنْ بَعْدِ الْمَوْتِ حَقٌّ
The resurrection after death is true.
١٨. وَأَهْلُ الْكَبَائِرِ فِي مَشِيئَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، لَا نُكَفِّرُ أَهْلَ الْقِبْلَةِ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ، وَنَكِلُ سَرَائِرَهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ
The people of major sins are under the Will of Allāh, the Mighty and Majestic. We do not declare the people of Qiblah (i.e those who pray) to be Kafir for their sins, and we entrust their secrets to Allāh, the Mighty and Majestic.
١٩. وَنُقِيمُ فَرْضَ الْجِهَادِ وَالْحَجِّ مَعَ أَئِمَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي كُلِّ دَهْرٍ وَزَمَانٍ
We establish the obligation of Jihād and Ḥajj with the leaders of the Muslims in every age and era.
٢٠. وَلَا نَرَى الْخُرُوجَ عَلَى الْأَئِمَّةِ وَلَا الْقِتَالَ فِي الْفِتْنَةِ
We do not hold the view rebelling against the leaders, nor fighting in times of fitnah (tribulation).
٢١. وَنَسْمَعُ وَنُطِيعُ لِمَنْ وَلَّاهُ اللَّهُ أَمْرَنَا وَلَا نَنْزِعُ يَدًا مِنْ طَاعَةٍ
We listen and obey whoever Allāh has appointed over our affairs, and we do not withdraw a hand from obedience.
٢٢. وَنَتَّبِعُ السُّنَّةَ وَالْجَمَاعَةَ، وَنَجْتَنِبُ الشُّذُوذَ وَالْخِلَافَ وَالْفُرْقَةَ
We follow the Sunnah and the Jamāʿah and we avoid deviance, differing, and sectarianism.
٢٣. وَأَنَّ الْجِهَادَ مَاضٍ مُنْذُ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى قِيَامِ السَّاعَةِ مَعَ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْ أَئِمَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، لَا يُبْطِلُهُ شَيْءٌ
And that Jihād is ongoing since Allāh, the Mighty and Majestic, sent His Prophet ﷺ until the establishment of the Hour, with the rulers from the leaders of the Muslims; nothing abrogates it.
٢٤. وَالْحَجُّ كَذَلِكَ
And Ḥajj is likewise.
٢٥. وَدَفْعُ الصَّدَقَاتِ مِنَ السَّوَائِمِ إِلَى أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْ أَئِمَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
And the paying of charities from livestock to the rulers from the leaders of the Muslims.
٢٦. وَالنَّاسُ مُؤْمِنُونَ فِي أَحْكَامِهِمْ وَمَوَارِيثِهِمْ، وَلَا يُدْرَى مَا هُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَمَنْ قَالَ إِنَّهُ مُؤْمِنٌ حَقًّا فَهُوَ مُبْتَدِعٌ وَمَنْ قَالَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ وَمَنْ قَالَ إِنِّي مُؤْمِنٌ بِاللَّهِ فَهُوَ مُصِيبٌ
The people are believers in their worldly rulings and inheritance, and it is not known what their status is with Allāh, the Mighty and Majestic. So whoever says, “Indeed, he is a believer in truth,” then he is an innovator and whoever says “He is a believer in the sight of Allāh,” then he is from the liars. And whoever says, “I am believer in Allāh,” then he is correct .
٢٧. وَالْمُرْجِئَةُ مُبْتَدِعَةٌ ضُلَّالٌ
The Murjiʾah are misguided innovators.
٢٨. وَالْقَدَرِيَّةُ مُبْتَدِعَةٌ ضُلَّالٌ، وَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ مِنْهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَعْلَمُ مَا يَكُونُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَكُونَ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ
The Qadariyyah are misguided innovators. And whoever among them denies that Allāh, the Mighty and Majestic, knows what will be before it happens, then he is a kāfir.
٢٩. وَأَنَّ الْجَهْمِيَّةَ كُفَّارٌ
And that the Jahmiyyah are kuffār.
٣٠. وَأَنَّ الرَّافِضَةَ رَفَضُوا الْإِسْلَامَ
And that the Rāfiḍah have rejected Islām.
٣١. وَالْخَوَارِجُ مُرَّاقٌ
The Khawārij are Murrāq (those who have exited the religion).
٣٢. وَمَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ الْقُرْآنَ مَخْلُوقٌ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ كُفْرًا يَنْقُلُ عَنِ الْمِلَّةِ وَمَنْ شَكَّ فِي كُفْرِهِ مِمَّنْ يَفْهَمُ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ
And whoever claims that the Qur’ān is created, then he is a disbeliever in Allāh the Great, a disbelief that expels from the religion. And whoever doubts his disbelief, from those who understand, then he is a kāfir.
٣٣. وَمَنْ شَكَّ فِي كَلَامِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَوَقَفَ شَاكًّا فِيهِ يَقُولُ لَا أَدْرِي مَخْلُوقٌ أَوْ غَيْرُ مَخْلُوقٍ فَهُوَ جَهْمِيٌّ
And whoever doubts the Speech of Allāh, the Mighty and Majestic, and thus hesitates while being doubtful, saying, “I do not know if it is created or not created,” then he is a Jahmī.
٣٤. وَمَنْ وَقَفَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ جَاهِلًا عُلِّمَ وَبُدِّعَ وَلَمْ يُكَفِّرْ
And whoever hesitates regarding the Qur’ān out of ignorance is taught and declared an innovator, but not declared a kāfir.
٣٥. وَمَنْ قَالَ لَفْظِي بِالْقُرْآنِ مَخْلُوقٌ، أَوِ الْقُرْآنُ بِلَفْظِي مَخْلُوقٌ فَهُوَ جَهْمِيٌّ
قَالَ الشَّيْخُ أَبُو طَالِبٍ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ وَسَمِعْتُ أَبِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ
And whoever says, “My utterance of the Qur’ān is created,” or “The Qur’ān with my utterance is created,” then he is a Jahmī.
Abū Muḥammad said: And I heard my father, may Allāh be pleased with him, say:
٣٦. عَلَامَةُ أَهْلِ الْبِدَعِ الْوَقِيعَةُ فِي أَهْلِ الْأَثَرِ
The sign of the people of innovation is attacking the Ahl al-Athar.
٣٧. وَعَلَامَةُ الزَّنَادِقَةِ تَسْمِيَتُهُمْ أَهْلَ الْأَثَرِ حَشْوِيَّةً، يُرِيدُونَ إِبْطَالَ الْآثَارِ
The sign of the Zanādiqah (Heretics) is their calling the Ahl al-Athar “Ḥashwiyyah” (Uncritical Literalists), wanting thereby to invalidate the narrations.
٣٨. وَعَلَامَةُ الْجَهْمِيَّةِ تَسْمِيَتُهُمْ أَهْلَ السُّنَّةِ مُشَبِّهَةً
The sign of the Jahmiyyah is their calling the Ahl al-Sunnah “Mushabbihah” (Anthropomorphists).
٣٩. وَعَلَامَةُ الْقَدَرِيَّةِ تَسْمِيَتُهُمْ أَهْلَ السُّنَّةِ مُجْبِرَةً
The sign of the Qadariyyah is their calling the Ahl al-Sunnah “Mujbirah” (Compulsionists).
٤٠. وَعَلَامَةُ الْمُرْجِئَةِ تَسْمِيَتُهُمْ أَهْلَ السُّنَّةِ مُخَالِفَةً وَنُقْصَانِيَّةً
The sign of the Murjiʾah is their calling the Ahl al-Sunnah “Mukhālifah” (Opposition) and “Nuqṣāniyyah” (those who believe faith decreases).
٤١. وَعَلَامَةُ الرَّافِضَةِ تَسْمِيَتُهُمْ أَهْلَ السُّنَّةِ ثَانِيَةً
The sign of the Rāfiḍah is their calling the Ahl al-Sunnah “Thāniyah” (The Second Party/Nāṣibah).
٤٢. وَظَلَّ هَذَا أَمْرَ عَصَبَاتٍ مَعْصِيَاتٍ، وَلَا يلْحَقُ أَهْل السُّنَّةِ إِلَّا اسْمٌ وَاحِدٌ وَيَسْتَحِيلُ أَنْ يَجْمَعَهُمْ هَذِهِ الْأَسَامِي
And this matter (bidʿah) remained an affair of partisan groups and acts of disobedience. The Ahl al-Sunnah are not designated except by one name, and it is impossible for these (derogatory) names to be gathered upon them.
٤٣. حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ وَسَمِعْتُ أَبِي وَأَبَا زُرْعَةَ يَهْجُرَانِ أَهْلَ الزَّيْغِ وَالْبِدَعِ، وَيُغَلِّطَانِ رَأْيَهُمَا أَشَدَّ تَغْلِيْطٍ وَيُنْكِرَانِ وَضْعَ الْكُتُبِ بِالرَّأْيِ بِغَيْرِ آثَارٍ، وَيَنْهَيَانِ عَنْ مُجَالَسَةِ أَهْلِ الْكَلَامِ وَعَنِ النَّظَرِ فِي كُتُبِ الْمُتَكَلِّمِينَ، وَيَقُولَانِ لَا يُفْلِحُ صَاحِبُ كَلَامٍ أَبَدًا
Abū Muḥammad informed us, he said: And I heard my father and Abū Zurʿah abandoning the people of deviation and innovation. They would harshly refute their opinions and they would forbid authoring books with opinions without narrations. They would forbid sitting with the people of Kalām and looking into the books of the people of Kalām, and they would both say: “The person of Kalām will never be successful.”
انْتَهَى الرِّسَالَةُ
End of the treatise.
